Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The Whigs, however, were able to make significant gains in Congress. [3], Despite multiple candidates, there was only one Whig ticket in each state. (Webster collected only Massachusetts’s 14 votes, and Mangum picked up South Carolina’s 11.) The South Carolina state legislature nominated Senator Willie Person Mangum of North Carolina. Michigan only became a state on January 26, 1837, and had cast its electoral votes for president before that date. Legislative branch should have the most power. ■ William Lee D. Ewing of Illinois (a) The popular vote figures exclude South Carolina where the electors were chosen by the state legislature rather than by popular vote. By 1834 several anti-Jackson factions, including the National Republican Party and the Anti-Masonic Party, had coalesced into the Whig Party. ■ Robert J. Walker of Mississippi ■ Lucius Lyon of Michigan Social order 2. ■ John Black of Mississippi After the negative views of Freemasonry among a large segment of the public began to wane in the mid 1830s, the Anti-Masonic Party began to disintegrate. The Whig Party had surprised many when they nominated Harrison as a presidential candidate over the well-known Henry Clay. [3] Van Buren defeated Harrison by a margin of 51.4% to 48.6% in the North, and he defeated White by a similar margin of 50.7% to 49.3% in the South. This decentralized approach resulted in the emergence of four nominees—former Ohio senator and U.S. ambassador William Henry Harrison, Tennessee Sen. Hugh L. White, Massachusetts Sen. National Archives and Records Administration. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. ■ John Selby Spence of Maryland Sources: Electoral and popular vote totals based on data from the United States Office of the Federal Register and Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. ■ Joseph Kent of Maryland The 13th Presidential election was held in 1836. ■ John J. Crittenden of Kentucky He planned to continue the policies of Andrew Jackson which made him a popular candidate with the public. He won the 1836 presidential election with the endorsement of popular outgoing President Andrew Jackson and the organizational strength of the Democratic Party. ■ Samuel Prentiss of Vermont of Kentucky—a military hero during the War of 1812—was chosen as the vice presidential nominee despite objections from some delegates regarding his long-term intimate relationship with a slave. In that case, it would have been left to the House of Representatives to decide between the competing Whig candidates. Hoping to compel a contingent election in the House of Representatives by denying the Democrats an electoral majority, the Whigs ran multiple candidates. A dispute similar to that of Indiana in 1817 and Missouri in 1821 arose during the counting of the electoral votes. Towers, Frank. It was also the last time that a Democrat was elected to the U.S. presidency succeeding a Democrat who had served two terms as U.S. ■ William C. Rives of Virginia ■ James Buchanan of Pennsylvania As Virginia's electors voted for Van Buren but refused to vote for Johnson, Johnson fell one vote short of an electoral majority, compelling a contingent election for Vice President. Martin Van Buren The state must make final its 25 presidential electors by Tuesday. The Whigs had no unifying platform, however, and in the absence of a national convention, Whig presidential candidates were put forward by various state conventions and legislatures. ■ William S. Fulton of Arkansas As Pres. Specifically, his assertive response to the nullification crisis in South Carolina in 1832–33 drew the ire of some states’ rights defenders, especially in the South, and his swift withdrawal of government funds from the Bank of the United States later in 1833 alienated advocates of nationalist economic policies. The key state in this election was ultimately Pennsylvania, which Van Buren won from Harrison with a narrow majority of just 4,222 votes. In the third consecutive election victory for the Democratic Party, incumbent Vice President Martin Van Buren defeated four candidates fielded by the nascent Whig Party. However, Rives got little support, and Johnson was also nominated. The meeting was divisive, but a majority of the delegates officially stated that the party was not sponsoring a national ticket for the presidential election of 1836 and proposed a meeting in 1837 to discuss the future of the party. ■ John M. Niles of Connecticut For the first time in American history, the electoral college could not agree among the four vice presidential candidates, and Johnson was selected by the Senate under the rules of the Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution.…. For the results of the subsequent election, see United States presidential election of 1840. Retrieved July 31, 2005. Anticipating a challenge to the results, Congress resolved on February 4, 1837, that during the counting four days later the final tally was read twice, once with Michigan and once without Michigan. The United States presidential election of 1836 was the 13th quadrennial presidential election, held from Thursday, November 3, to Wednesday, December 7, 1836.As the third consecutive election victory for the Democratic Party, it ushered incumbent Vice-President Martin Van Buren into the White House with 170 electoral votes to 124 electoral votes for William Henry Harrison and other Whigs. Presidential Candidate Political Party Electoral Votes Popular Votes Martin Van Buren Democratic 170 762,678 William Henry Harrison Whig 73 550,816 Hugh L. White Whig 26 146,107 Daniel Webster Whig … [3], The Whig Party emerged during the 1834 mid-term elections as the chief opposition to the Democratic Party. ■ John Davis of Massachusetts Had Harrison won the state, Van Buren would have been left eight votes short of an Electoral College majority - despite receiving a majority (50.48%) in the popular vote - and the Whig goal to force the election into the House of Representatives (in accordance with the Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution) would have succeeded. Incumbent President Andrew Jackson had announced his retirement after two terms, and publicly endorsed a ticket of his Vice President, Martin Van Buren of New York, and Representative Richard M. Johnson of Kentucky, a hero in the War of 1812. Southern Nullifiers placed Tennessee Senator Hugh Lawson White into contention for the presidency in 1834 soon after his break with Jackson. Whig Party John M. Cunningham graduated from Kalamazoo College in 2000 with a B.A. forcing the election into the House of Representatives. On February 8, 1837, Johnson was elected on the first ballot by a vote of 33 to 16; the vote proceeded largely along party lines, albeit with three Whigs voting for Johnson, one Democrat voting for Granger, and three abstentions (Hugh L. White declined to vote out of respect for his own running-mate, John Tyler, while the two Nullifier Party senators refused to back either candidate). candidates led by The 1836 United States presidential election was the 13th quadrennial presidential election, held from Thursday, November 3 to Wednesday, December 7, 1836. In the third consecutive election victory for the Democratic Party, incumbent Vice President Martin Van Buren defeated four candidates fielded by the nascent Whig Party. Harrison finished second in both the popular and electoral vote, and his strong performance helped him win the Whig nomination in the 1840 presidential election. It was hoped that the Whig candidates would amass enough U.S. The Nullifier Party had also begun to decline sharply since the previous election, after it became clear that the doctrine of nullification lacked sufficient support outside of the party's political base of South Carolina to ever make the Nullifiers more than a fringe party nationwide. The Vermont state Anti-Masonic convention followed suit on February 24, 1836. Source: "Electoral College Box Scores 1789–1996". For the results of the previous election, see United States presidential election of 1832. The candidates in 1836 were Martin Van Buren (Democratic party, former vice president) and the Whig party candidate was three different people from three different regions. Pull power from the executive branch 1. White in particular was able to harness Southern slaveholders’ growing distrust of Northern politicians—such as Van Buren, a New Yorker—whom they suspected might be sympathetic to the incipient abolition movement. William Henry Harrison … ■ Silas Wright of New York, ■ Richard H. Bayard of Delaware Whig Party candidate William Henry Harrison won the 1840 presidential election defeating Democratic Party incumbent President Martin Van Buren. "The Election of 1836." Who was “first in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his countrymen”? Source (Popular Vote): .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}Leip, David. This was the last election in which the Democrats won Connecticut, Rhode Island, and North Carolina until 1852. Omissions? The Whig Party, which had only recently emerged and was primarily united by opposition to Jackson, was not yet sufficiently organized to agree on a single candidate. ... William Henry Harrison, the Whig party's presidential candidate in 1840, was. In South Carolina, the ticket was Mangum for president and Tyler for vice-president. As party leaders were unable to organize a presidenti… His father, Benjamin Harrison, had been a signer of the Declaration of Independence and later served as governor of Virginia. Answer and Explanation: The Whigs lost the presidential election of 1836 because they were divided and because Andrew Jackson remained a popular president among the American people. Map of presidential election results by county, Map of Democratic presidential election results by county, Map of Harrison Whig presidential election results by county, Map of White Whig presidential election results by county, Map of Webster Whig presidential election results by county. He worked at Britannica from 2004 to 2018. IQ 3.7: Whigs and Democrats 1836 WHIGS AND DEMOCRATS WHIGS DEMOCRATS Presidential Candidate William Henry Harrison Martin Van Buren What the party wants 1. ■ Robert Strange of North Carolina In the 1836 elections, the party was not yet sufficiently organized to run one nationwide candidate; instead William Henry Harrisonran in the northern and border states, Hugh Lawson White ran in the South, and Daniel Webster ran in his home state of Massachusetts. The Whigs hoped to win the 1836 election by. In the 1836 presidential election, four different regional Whig candidates received electoral votes, but the party failed to defeat Jackson's chosen successor, Martin Van Buren. Results of the American presidential election, 1836. The Presidential Election of 1836 was the first election in 12 years that Andrew Jackson was not on the ticket. candidate," wrote one authority, "the Whigs decided to run popular local favorites in the hope of throwing the election to the House. William Harrison lost the 1836 Presidential election with 73 electoral votes. Corrections? Whig Presidential elector in 1840 for Ways and Means Committee instead. Coming after the decline of the earlier Federalist versus Jeffersonian-Republican party system, and just as the Democrat versus Whig party system was starting to take shape, the 1836 election saw five different candidates secure the Electoral College votes of at least one State. ", Ershkowitz, Herbert B. The 1836 United States presidential election was the 13th quadrennial presidential election, held from Thursday, November 3 to Wednesday, December 7, 1836. ■ John P. King of Georgia National Archives and Records Administration. The convention was chaired by Isaac C. Bates of Massachusetts and James Barbour of Virginia presided over the convention. He served as a presidential elector in the 2004 United States presidential election. The election of 1836 was crucial in developing the Second Party System and a stable two-party system more generally. Although Van Buren lacked Jackson’s personal charisma, he was considered a skilled politician, and in May 1835 he was unanimously nominated as the party’s presidential candidate at a national convention in Baltimore, Md. With multiple candidates, the upstart Whig Party was successful at attracting support from disparate regions of the country. He was a presidential elector for Rhode Island in the election of 1832. He ran for the U.S. Presidency as the Whig candidate in 1836, but lost to the Democratic candidate… Three years after Democrat Martin Van Buren was elected President in the election of 1836 over three Whig candidates, the Whigs met in national convention determined to unite behind a single candidate. Results of the American presidential election, 1836. ■ Nathaniel P. Tallmadge of New York Retrieved July 31, 2005. Some of its members began moving to the Whig Party, which had a broader issue base than the Anti-Masons. Source: Data from Walter Dean Burnham, Presidential ballots, 1836-1892 (Johns Hopkins University Press, 1955) pp 247–57. ■ Samuel L. Southard of New Jersey ■ Daniel Webster of Massachusetts, .mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}■ John C. Calhoun of South Carolina   ■ William C. Preston of South Carolina■ Hugh L. White of Tennessee, 1837 contingent U.S. vice presidential election, Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution, National Archives and Records Administration, 1836 United States House of Representatives elections, 1836 and 1837 United States Senate elections, "Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections", https://www.thoughtco.com/two-consecutive-democratic-presidents-3368109, The Coming of Democracy: Presidential Campaigning in the Age of Jackson, "A Historical Analysis of the Electoral College", Presidential Election of 1836: A Resource Guide, United States presidential election of 1836, United States presidential election, 1836, elections in which the winner lost the popular vote, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1836_United_States_presidential_election&oldid=1005772179, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages which use embedded infobox templates with the title parameter, Pages using bar box without float left or float right, Articles with Encyclopædia Britannica links, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Each Elector appointed by state legislature, Brown, Thomas. Both the Democratic party and the Whig party. Nonetheless, the Whig strategy came very close to success, as Van Buren won the decisive state of Pennsylvania by just over two points. Results of the 1836 Presidential Election. In 2008, a group of veterans formed the Modern Whig Party. States where the margin of victory was under 5%: States where the margin of victory was under 10%: Since no candidate for vice president received a majority of the electoral votes, the U.S. Senate held a contingent election in which the top two electoral vote recipients, Richard Johnson and Francis Granger, were the candidates. Rep. ■ Lewis F. Linn of Missouri Most Northern and border state Whigs supported the ticket led by former Senator William Henry Harrison of Ohio, while most Southern Whigs supported the ticket led by Senator Hugh Lawson White of Tennessee. in, Hoffmann, William S. "The Election of 1836 in North Carolina. William Henry Harrison July 1st, 1836 Sold – As The Whig Party’s First Presidential Candidate in 1836, William Henry Harrison Accurately Predicts He Will Carry Ohio, Kentucky, and Indiana A very uncommon political ALS of Harrison as presidential candidate, also indicating he will campaign in Pennsylvania, the key battleground state. ■ William R. King of Alabama This was also the only election where South Carolina voted for the Whigs, and the last time it voted against the Democrats until 1868. This is the only time that the Senate has exercised this power. The 1835 Democratic National Convention was held in Baltimore, Maryland, on 20-22 May 1835. Commonment; equality between all people 3. United States presidential election of 1836, American presidential election held in 1836, in which Democrat Martin Van Buren defeated several Whig Party candidates led by William Henry Harrison . ", McCormick, Richard P. "Was There a" Whig Strategy" in 1836?. He was nominated as one of the splintered new party’s three candidates at large public meetings in Pennsylvania, New York, and Maryland (the Whigs had neither a unifying platform nor a national convention). The Whigs ended up with two main tickets: William Henry Harrison for president and Francis Granger for vice-president in the North and the border states, and Hugh Lawson White for president and John Tyler for vice-president in the middle and lower South. United States presidential election of 1836. Politically the new Whig Party and the Protestant churches were opposed to removal. Van Buren achieved a majority in the Electoral College. ■ Robert C. Nicholas of Louisiana Martin Van Buren was the winner of the 1836 Presidential election with 170 electoral votes. ’s second term drew to a close, he unofficially anointed his vice president, Martin Van Buren, as the standard-bearer of the Democratic Party. Source (Electoral Vote): "Electoral College Box Scores 1789–1996". Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Whig Party in the 1836 election. Choose from 7 different sets of Whig strategy in Election of 1836 flashcards on Quizlet. In the aftermath of the Nat Turner slave rebellion and other events, slavery emerged as an increasingly prominent political issue. The United States presidential election of 1836 is predominantly remembered for three reasons: It was the last election until 1988 to result in the elevation of an incumbent Vice President to the nation's highest office through means other than the president's death or resignation. The candidate were as follows: Democratic: Martin Van Buren ; Whig: William Henry Harrison and Vice President John Tyler; Presidential Election of 1840: Platforms. relationship with a slave woman, whom he had regarded as his common-law wife. ■ William Hendricks of Indiana ■ Nehemiah R. Knight of Rhode Island The results of the 1836 U.S. presidential election are provided in the table. "The miscegenation of Richard Mentor Johnson as an issue in the national election campaign of 1835-1836. Please select which sections you would like to print: While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. The Whigs were also regarded as a better alternative to the Democrats. The 1835 Democratic National Convention chose a ticket of Van Buren, President Andrew Jackson's handpicked successor, and US Representative Richard Mentor Johnson of Kentucky. The 1836 presidential election was an unusual one. United States presidential election of 1836, American presidential election held in 1836, in which Democrat Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. The 1836 United States presidential election was the 13th quadrennial presidential election, held from Thursday, November 3 to Wednesday, December 7, 1836. William Henry Harrison was both the first Whig Party Presidential Nominee, in 1836, and the first Whig Party Presidential Nominee to win the presidential election, in 1840. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. "'2 In a similar vein another able scholar stated: "In its first presidential campaign, in 1836, the [Whig] party ran a number of favorite sons, … Though he would be portrayed as a rustic frontiersman, William Henry Harrison, who was born in Virginia in 1773, actually came from what might be called Virginia nobility. While Jackson had effectively galvanized a base of supporters over the course of his presidency, he also provoked considerable opposition. in English. ★ 1836 Indiana elections. Instead, state legislatures and state conventions nominated candidates. [7], ■ Thomas H. Benton of Missouri Jacksonians controlled enough state delegations (14 out of 26) and enough Senate seats (31 out of 52) to win both the Presidency and the Vice-Presidency in a contingent election. On the vice presidential side of the ticket, continued opposition to Johnson prevented him from reaching an electoral majority. The convention unanimously nominated William Henry Harrison for President and Francis Granger for Vice President. In the third consecutive election victory for the Democratic Party, incumbent Vice President Martin Van Buren defeated four candidates fielded by the nascent Whig Party. ■ Garret D. Wall of New Jersey A state convention for the Anti-Masonic Party was held in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania from December 14–17, 1835, to choose Presidential Electors for the 1836 election. "The Rise of the Whig Party." Updates? The party was formed from members of the National Republican Party, the Anti-Masonic Party, disaffected Jacksonians, and small remnants of the Federalist Party (people whose last political activity was with them a decade before). Silbey, Joel H. "Election of 1836," in Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr. and Fred L. Israel, eds. The two major contenders were Martin Van Buren from the Democratic Party and William Harrison from the Whig Party. As a historical footnote, no vice-presidential candidate received a majority of the electoral votes cast in 1836. The 1836 United States presidential election was the 13th quadrennial presidential election, held from Thursday, November 3 to Wednesday, December 7, 1836.In the third consecutive election victory for the Democratic Party, incumbent Vice President Martin Van Buren defeated four candidates fielded by the nascent Whig Party.. ■ Henry Clay of Kentucky ■ Alexandre Mouton of Louisiana (2001). In a contingent election, the House would have been required to choose between Van Buren, Harrison, and White as the three candidates with the most electoral votes. ■ Thomas Morris of Ohio In the end Van Buren destroyed the Whig strategy by polling well in all sections of the country. Retrieved July 27, 2005. Both Webster and White used Senate debates to establish their positions on the issues of the day, as newspapers carried the text of their speeches nationwide. ■ Alfred Cuthbert of Georgia Of the four Whig presidential candidates, only Harrison was on the ballot in enough states for it to be mathematically possible for him to win a majority in the Electoral College, and even then, it would have required him to win Van Buren's home state of New York.[3]. in, This page was last edited on 9 February 2021, at 10:08. ■ Ambrose H. Sevier of Arkansas made to look like a poor western farmer. Van Buren:170 electoral votes Harrison: 73 (Indiana, Ohio, Kentucky, Vermont, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland) White: 26 (Georgia, Tennessee) Webster:14 (Massachusetts) Mangum: 11 (South Carolina) The Whig strategy failed. William Henry Harrison, the Whig Candidate . ■ John Tipton of Indiana ■ Asher Robbins of Rhode Island Despite facing multiple candidates, Van Buren won a majority of the electoral vote, and he won a majority of the popular vote in both the North and the South. In 1836 Harrison was the most popular Whig and it was clear he was a rising star in politics as he appealed to the people. ■ Samuel McKean of Pennsylvania In the general election, Harrison attracted a large portion of…, In the election the following year, Van Buren defeated three candidates fielded by the splintered Whig Party, collecting 170 electoral votes to his opponents’ 124. ■ John Ruggles of Maine He subsequently won the office by defeating Harrison’s running mate, New York Rep. Francis Granger, in a Senate vote. Keep stronge executive government 2. Many party members began to drift towards the Democratic Party, but there was no question of the party endorsing Van Buren's bid for the presidency, as he and Calhoun were sworn enemies. After four separate Whig-affiliated candidates lost the 1836 election to Jackson’s Democratic successor, Martin Van Buren, the Whigs finally won the presidency in 1840 with William Henry Harrison.